CISCO Volume Graphic:


Prices
 $30 for all commoditites per for 1 month

Exchanges covered: CBOT, CME, IMM, CSCE, NYMEX, COMEX, NYFE

Futures: 
   Int. Rates: U2, T2, TB, ED, F2   Indexes: SP, TE, QA, TX, MB
   Currencies: JY, DM, SF, BP, CD   Metals: GC, PL, SV, PA, GI
   Grains: S, BO, SM, W, C, O       Oils: CL, HO, QL, NO
   Softs: CC, OJ, NY, CO, LB, SU    Meats: LC, LH, PB, FC 
   Click here to get explanation of commodity symbols      

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Example of BRACKETING Visual Graphic

 

 
                                 Brief Background

    The CISCO  Visual Graphic is a pictorial of a particular future's 
    behavior based on the last 5, 10 and 20 days of trading data. 
  
    Designed for a quick study and rapid analysis, the CISCO Visual 
    Graphic shows the end-of-day market condition at a glance, the last 
    10 days of commercial activity and the most recent day's 30 minute bars.  
  
    The CISCO Visual Graphic lists the future's reference points.  These are
    used for theevaluation of low-risk trades for the next day.  
    
    This report first lists and briefly describes the elements of the Visual Graphic,
    including a comparison with the Trader Control Package text data, which is
    the source of the VG.  Following that is a brief example is using the Visual 
    Graphic in a real-world trend-breakout situation.


                          An Index for the Visual Graphic

The first line of the graphic gives the contract and the date of the data.
For example U206 05/19/98 is the June (06) T-bonds (day) (U2) contract
for the trading date May 19th 1998 (05/19/98).

The Visual Graphic is in two parts: UPPER graphics and  LOWER tables.

The upper part of the VG consists of 6 graphics with a common price strip on the 
extreme left.

From left to right, the 6 graphics are:

(U1) Last 20 day Rotation profile  'Rotprof'
       symbols a thru t represent the prices traded during each day
       a=20 days ago; k=10 days ago; p=5 days ago; t=current day
       this is like a market profile with each period equal to one day

(U2) '20 day Overlay'
       the histogram represents the # of TPOS's at each price
       dashes enclose a distribution/bracket
       
       RotProf symbols: a = 20 days back, t = latest day
       a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t

(U3) '10 day Overlay'
       the histogram represents the # of TPOS's at each price
       dashes enclose a distribution/bracket
       
       RotProf symbols: k = 10 days back, t = latest day
       k l m n o p q r s t

(U4)  '5 day Overlay'
       the histogram represents the # of TPOS's at each price
       horizontal dashes pairs enclose a distribution/bracket
       
       RotProf symbols: p = 5 days back, t = latest day
       p q r s t

     All three Overlay histograms have the same horizontal scale.

     Note: (Balance defn: Single distribution, close inside dist.)
     A balance starts in some day as a congestion. It grows day-by-day.  We 
     only list 5, 10, 15 and 20 day Overlays on the TCP (5, 10 and 20 on 
     the VG). Clearly there can be a 6 day balance or a 19 day balance, etc.
     A rule: If the latest 6 days are in balance, a 10 day Overlay will
     report a balance, ignoring the old four days of the previous 
     distribution.  15 day Overlays must have at least the latest 11 days
     in balance, 20 day Overlays must have at least the latest 16 days
     in balance.  5 day Overlays must have 5 days in balance. However, 
     you can eyeball the 5 day display to find shorter balances.
     Using RotProf, you can tell exactly how many days are in balance.

(U5) Last 10 day Commercial Analysis  'cti2' for CBOT and CME only
       high-low dashed vertical line bars cover the last 10 days
       latest day is on right
       * indicates commercial action at high and/or low
       the single horizontal dashes on the vertical bars are the closes

(U6) 30 minute high-low bars for latest day '30m bars'
       last period on right

(U7) Also, between the Rotation Profile and the 20 day Overlay:
        Current day close 'cl'
        Commercial action at current day high (if any) 'uc' for CBOT and CME only
        Commercial action at current day low  (if any) 'lc' for CBOT and CME only

(U8) Trading Units:
        Markets are initiated by exchanges to serve a particular 'trade' or
        area of commerce. Trading units selected are those in use by that trade.
        While many units are decimal fractions, some are not, such as grains
        which are traded in pennies and eighths per bushel. A price of 2406 for
        corn means 240 and 6/8 cents for a bushel. Other exceptions are the
        30 year bond in the Visual Graphic display, which trades in 32nds, 10 
        year notes and 5 year notes, in 64ths, and 2 year notes in 128ths.
        Any questions can be resolved by visiting the exchange's Contract
        Specifications.

        Example: The 5 day Overlay limits are 12020 to 11930. Range in 32nds
        is: 11930 - 11931 - 11200 - 11201 - 11202 ....... 112020 or 23 32nds.
        Rounding off to 24 32nds, an octant is 3 32nds. 

The LOWER (tabular) PART consists of 5 tables of data.

From left to right, these 5 tables are:

(L1) Below the Rotation Profile:

      (L1.1 )'O' is the Open  for latest and previous trading day* 
      (L1.2 )'H' is the High  for latest and previous trading day* 
      (L1.3 )'L' is the Low   for latest and previous trading day* 
      (L1.4 )'C' is the Close for latest and previous trading day* 

      (L1.5 )'Tf' is the Trade Facilitation Factor for latest and previous trading day*
                         Smaller TF implies better trade.
      (L1.6 )'Vo' is the Price Tick Volatility for latest and previous trading day* 
                         Very Low Volatility implies lack of interest
                         Very High Volatility implies overheating
      (L1.7 )'Sf' is the Shape Factor for latest and previous trading day* 
                         Smaller is better.
      (L1.8 )'HL' for the two front months, gives the % of the current close from the 60 day low 
                  also gives the days (in last 10 days) when new highs ('NH') or new lows ('NL')were established 
                  * is a separator
                  e.g. 81* NH 3 4 means there was a new 60 day high established 3 (and 4 days) back
                               and close today is 81% of 60 day range (from 60 day low)

      (L1.9 )'Tv' is the Total Contract Volume for latest and previous trading day* 
      (L1.10)'Cv' is the Commercial Contract Volume for latest and previous trading day* 
      (L1.11)'Pv' is the Public Contract Volume for latest and previous trading day* 

      (L1.12)'CUL' is the Commercial Action and Type for latest/previous trading day
         First is the action at the current days high for each measure
         Separating the high and low actions is  a ':'
         Second is the action at the current days low for each measure
         Separating the current day from the previous day is a '/'
         Third is the action at the previous days high for each measure
         Separating the high and low actions is  a ':'
         Fourth is the action at the previous days low for each measure
         Types: Q=quadrant measure, A=value-area measure, V=volume/price measure
         For example: Q--:-A-/QAV:--- means:
                     Q--  commercial activity at latest days high with Q measure
                        :        seperates activity at high from low 
                     -A-  commercial activity at latest days low  with A measure
                     /    separates current from previous day
                     QAV  commercial activity at previous days high with QAV measures
                        :        seperates activity at high from low 
                     ---  NO commercial activity at previous day low

      The Commercial, Public and Total Contract Volume and the Commercial Action 
      analysis is derived from the Liquidity Data Bank which is released 
      by the CBOT and CME exchanges only. It is same day cleared trading volume
      and excludes spreads. 

(L2) Below the 20 day Overlay is bracket/distribution info for this Overlay
(L3)      "     "  10 day   
(L4)      "      "   5 day

 If the Overlay IS bracketing:
   'U '  is the upper limit
   'UO' is the upper octant price; the number to the right is the $ gain for
               a responsive short going from the octant to the center M
   'UQ' is the upper quadrant price; the number to the right is the $ gain for
               a responsive short going from the quadrant to the center M
   'M '  is the bracket center
   'LQ' is the lower quadrant price; the number to the right is the $ gain for
               a responsive long going from the qudrant to the center M
   'LO' is the lower octant price; the number to the right is the $ gain for
                a responsive long going from the octant to the center M
   'L '  is the lower limit
 
   Below the U-UO-UQ-M-LQ-LO-L lines are the responsive trade gains (again) and
                 the $ risk of the responsive trades.  The risk/reward ratio is 1 to 3 
                 for the octant.  The $ risk on the responsive trade is the same as the
                 $ risk for a breakout trade (octant is the stop).
   Below is the $ gain and $ loss for the quadrant (The risk/reward ratio is 1 to 1.)


   If the Overlay does NOT show bracketing:
     The number of distributions is listed ('distr'; max 4 shown), with:
     The Upper ('U') and Lower ('L') Prices for each distribution

(L5) Below the commercial analysis vertical dashed (if any) and 30 minute solid bars

   (L5.1 )'VA U' is the Value Area high price for current and previous day*
   (L5.2 )'VA C' is the Value Area center price for current and previous day (POC)*
   (L5.3 )'VA L' is the Value Area low price for current and previous day*
   (L5.4 )'VA R' is the Value Area range for current and previous day*

   (L5.5 )'TPOT' is the # of TPO's total            for current and previous day*
   (L5.6 )'TPOA' is the # of TPO's above maximum TPO line for current/previous day* 
   (L5.7 )'TPOB' is the # of TPO's below maximum TPO line for current/previous day* 
                        In a totally balanced market TPOA will equal TPOB

         The TPO counts in a perfectly balanced market would be symmetrical, a perfect
         bell shaped curve. There would be as many TPOs above the center as below.

         If the market is just coming into balance the symmetry will not yet be there.
         So long as the market stays in balance you would expect the TPO counts to
         approach symmetry. If TPOA is greater than TPOB you would expect more trading
         in the lower region to add TPOs.

         For non-balanced markets, the TPO counts add little information.


   (L5.8 )'Att Dir' is the attempted direction for current and previous day* 
    The possible values are: n for none, U for Up or D for Down. A rule of thumb for
    Att Dir, after the close, measures F% (the close - POC distance) as a fraction of the day's
    range. If F% is 20% or more above POC Att Dir = U, 20% below POC and Att Dir = D.

   (L5.9 )'IB' is the high and low price of the Initial Balance for current day 
    The Initial Balance is the first two 30 minute trading periods
   (L5.10)'IBR%C' is for the current trading day. It consists of:
      'IBR' is the Initial Balance range
      '%'   is the Initial Balance range as a % of total range
      'C'   is Location of close relative to Initial Balance: ABV, BLO, INS
              ABV when the close is above the Initial Balance
              BLO when the close is below the Initial Balance
              INS when the close is inside the Initial Balance 

   (L5.11)'RiQc' is todays Rotation Index/Quadrant of Close using last 4 and 8 days
     For example: 0.67/1  .7/4  means Rotation Index for last 4 days is .67
                                      Quadrant of Close for last 4 days is 1
                                      Rotation Index for last 8 days is .7
                                      Quadrant of Close for last 8 days is 4 

   (L5.12)'VADir' is the Value Area Direction for current day vs the previous day
     The possible values are H, A, Z, L or n 
      'H '= higher
      'A' = overlapping higher
      'Z' = overlapping lower
      'L' = lower
      'n' = none (inside or outside)
      Preferred direction is up if close above Overlay midpoint, down if below.

   (L5.13)'ITDir' is the Internal Trend Direction based on RiQC for last 4 & 8 days.
     The possible values are n for none, U for Up or D for Down    
     This is not in the text version of the TCP data- only on Visual Graphic

* The previous day data value is to the right of the '/'

Advantages of Visual Graphic over Text data
  1) Condensed: in half a page versus 10 pages 
  2) All graphs/data have a common price strip
  3) Overlays all have same horizontal scale for TPO's
  4) IT direction only in graphic
  5) Graphical, easy scan format

Disadvantages of Visual Graphic over Text data
  1) The common price strip means the latest day price can be over-condensed
  2) In order to fit in 6 graphs, Overlay's #TPO's scale may be too compressed
  3) Text gives actual prices and number of TPO's in Overlay
  4) The 15 day Overlay is omitted in Visual Graphic
  5) Other data is omitted (see below)

What is in the text data but not in the visual graphics:

  (1) Price/TPO/tick detail in the Overlays, Rotation Profile & 30 minute bars.

Overlays
  (2) 15 day Overlay and Analysis
  (3) For each Overlay: # days at each price directly (can get from 'Rotprof')
                      # TPO's at each price directly
                      # prices
                      # total TPO's
                      TPO control price
                      TPO's above and below control
  (4) For each distribution: price with max number of TPO's
                           peak # TPO's
  (5) For each bracketing Overlay:  quadrant as a price range
                                  direction 'D' (down) or 'U' (up)
                                  sextant upper/lower price and $ profit/$risk
                                  if a breakout was tested 'T'
                                  if an intermediate Overlay was used

  (6) Ten day average range and Maximum range 
  (7) Rotation Index and Quadrant of Close for days 2-5 for 8 & 4day calc.

Commercial Analysis
  (8) Type of commercial action(if any) in days 3-10
  (9) Numerical value of last 3-10 days high/low/closes 
  (10) Data parameters used in commercial analysis for last 10 days

Day Review
  (11) Posting of higher/lower/even current value versus previous day in Day Review
  (12) Commentary on Market Direction for latest day
  (13) Accumulation/Distribution by Period for latest day
  (14) Number of ticks at each price in the 30 minute bars




                        A Breakout Trading Example


Before analyzing the trade we will review the ground rules and market logic:
  The Overlay is a plot of total trading volume at each traded price 
  over the last 5, 10, 20 days.


The Overlay shows market condition on three time scales i.e. the last 5, 10, and 20 days.

When an Overlay has a single, bell-shaped distribution the market is balanced. The Overlay is said to be bracketing.

Markets in balance are starting points for low risk breakout trades.

When the market breaks-out, the subsidiary reference points such as: -- volatility -- commercial traders activity -- volume level and change -- new highs/lows -- value area behavior -- trading relative to the Initial Balance are used confirm or deny a trade.

During a trend, the Overlay displays a run-pause scenario. -- The mini-balances at the pauses locate current value. -- Typically, the last pause will become the core of a new bracket. Trade management during a trend uses the pauses as keys to market intent.

Trading outside the bracket limits alerts one to a breakout; to the possibility of the start of a trend.

A market in balance will have price rotating throughout the distribution.

'Basic' strategy for breakout trades for tomorrow, using today's (selected (5, 10 or 20 day)) Overlay: -- Take a breakout long when price rises above upper limit On the day of the breakout place a stop at the upper octant -- Take a breakout short when price falls below lower limit On the day of the breakout place a stop at the lower octant -- For day trades: if not stopped out on day of entry, exit at the close -- For swing trades on subsequent days: exit on a new bracket keep stop at octant or move stop to last node as nodes develop Breakout Trading on May 20, Using data of May 19 (See VG below) The Visual Graphic of the T-bonds for May 19 showed balance on 20, 10 and 5 day Overlays. For T-bonds, we trade the 5 day Overlay: limits are 12020, upper and 11930, lower. Price above 12020 (12021 or more) constitutes a "basic Value Based Power Trading breakout". A basic stop for an upside breakout is at the Octant, 12018. Likewise, a downside breakout would occur at 11929 or less, with a stop of 12000. The Visual Graphic of May 20, below, shows a market that opened at 12016 and then moved up smartly to 12102, where it spent the rest of the day congesting in the neighborhood of 12100. This is apparent from the 30 minute bars graphic on the upper right. Example of Visual Graphic BREAKING OUT The basic model caught the breakout at 12021 and a stop of 12018 was not touched. Imagine that you are the swing trader who made the entry. The speed and force of the initial movement certainly got your attention. (Look at the second 30 minute bar on the upper right.) This could be the start of something big. However, by noon it is clear that the movement has stalled. Is it a 'pause' in the trend while the market gathers strength for the next strong upthrust? (If so, hold!) Or is the move over? (In which case the smart trader exits gracefully with a nice day profit.) Wouldn't it be great to be able to tell? CISCO has a tool that helps you do just that. Using proprietary analysis, the CISCO Congestion Report monitors congesting regions and identifies those whose move is likely over. In this instance, an exit when the congestion is measured gets one out at 12100. That is a profit of 11 ticks ($343). Waiting too long can be costly: the close on May 20 was slightly lower at 12030, but waiting until the next day close, at 12015, would turn a profitable daytrade into a losing swing trade. You can see May 21, 1998 T-bonds in the VG below. After some initial strength, the market sold off steadily. Example of Visual Graphic. May 21, 1998 As a swing trader, you did not start out to daytrade. But if your stop is hit quickly, you have daytraded for a loss. Why not be prepared to daytrade for a profit, if the market tells you to? For more information on the Congestion Report, go to CISCO Futures Data line on the homepage, then scroll down to 'Intra-day Background' and click on 'Background on CISCO Futures Intra-day data', or click on the link below. Call us for a trial password. Background on CISCO Futures Intra-day data Click here to sign up to get paid-for graphics For info: 800-800-7227 or 303-306-1521; Email:<dljones@cisco-futures.com> Address: 14571 E. Mississippi Ave., #202, Aurora, CO 80012 USA The CISCO home page is at http://www.cisco-futures.com/